From eccliesiastes@qwest.net Mon Nov 05 00:48:40 2001
Newsgroups: alt.mindcontrol
Subject: Luria, Perception & Cerebral Organization
From: eccliesiastes@qwest.net (James R. Rose)
Date: 5 Nov 2001 00:48:40 -0800

Perception, A.R. Luria, An Introduction to
Neuropsychology, Penguin 
Books Ltd 1973,Printed in Great Britain:

  The psychology of the nineteenth century regarded
perception as a 
passive imprint made by external stimuli on the
retina, and later in the 
visual cortex. Logically, therefore, the cerebral
basis of visual 
sensation and perception must be the zones of the
occipital cortex which 
recieve the "excitation generated in the retina, and
in which structures 
absolutely identical (isomorphic) with primary
stimulation are formed."

  This concept of isomorphism of the structures of
excitation in the 
visual cortex with the structure of the peripheral
excitation, and 
hence, with the structure of the object stimulating
the eyes, assumed 
its clearest form in Gestalt psychology, the founders
of which (Kohler, 
for example) devoted a large part of their lives to
the vindication of 
this 'principle of isomorphism.'

  Modern psychology atempts to analyse perception from
from quite 
different standpoints. It regards perception as an
active process of 
searching for corresponding information,
distinguishing the essentail 
features of an object, comparing the features with
each other, creating 
appropriate hypotheses, and then comparing these
hypotheses with the 
original data 
(Vygotsky,1956;1960;Bruner,1957;Leontev,1959;Zaporozhets,1967;1968).
For 
this reason, besides receptor components, effector
components are also 
essential to human perception, and whereas these
effector, motor 
components take place step by step in the first stages
of development, 
at subsequent levels of formation of perceptual
function they begin to 
be carried out by 'short cuts', in a contracted form,
of some 'inner 
actions' (Zaporzhets,1967;1968;Zinchenko et
al.,1962;Zinchenco and 
Vergiller,1972).
  
   The process of perception is thus evidently complex
in character. It 
begins with the analysis of the structure percieved,
as recieved by the 
brain, into a large number of components or cues which
are subsequently 
coded or synthesized and fitted into the corresponding
mobile systems. 
This process of selection and syntheses of the
corresponding features in 
the article in character and takes place under the
direct influence of 
the tasks which confront the subject. It takes place
with the aid of 
ready-made codes (and in paticular the codes of
language), which serve 
to place the percieved feature into its proper system
and to give it a 
genral or catagorical character; finally, it always
incorporates a 
process of comparison or the effect with the original
hypotheses or, in 
other words, a process of verification of perceptual
activity.

  "During the perception of familiar objects, firmly
established in past 
experience, this process is naturally contracted and
takes place by a 
series of short cuts, whereas during the perception of
new and 
unfamiliar or complex visual objects, the process of
perception remains 
full and uncontracted." Finally, "it is essential to
note that human 
perception is a complex process of coding of the
percieved material", 
""taking place with the close participation of
language."" This has been 
demonstrated in many psychological investigations
(Gelb and 
Goldstein,1920; Vygotsky,1934;Bruner,1957), and it is
therefore 
neccessary to discuss these problems specially.
  
                       Cerebral Organization

  This complex character of perceptual activity
naturally suggests that 
visual perception in not performed in its entirety by
the structures of 
the occipital (visual) cortex, but that a complete
'working 
constellation' of brain zones, is in fact involved,
each zone playing 
its own role in the perceptual activity and making its
own contribution 
to the formation of perceptual zones.

  It is also evident that a lesion of each of these
zones which 
participates in perceptual activity will disturb the
complex system of 
visual perceptions as a whole, 
[writer's note:gestalt subliminal art has the same
quality] 
although the disturbance affects a different
component, and thus follows 
a different course.

  As we have seen already, human visual perception
starts at the moment 
that excitation arising in the retina reaches the
primary visual cortex 
(in a strictly somotopically organized pattern), are
split up into a 
very large number of components. As I said earlier
(part 2, ch 30, this 
process of visual analysis can take place because the
visual cortex 
contains a very large of highly differentiated
neurons, each of which 
responds to only one particular feature of the
percieved object (Hubel 
and Wiesel,1962; 1963).[Writer comment: verbal
stimuli-operant chains of 
S->R formula-substitute conditioning, see Rossler &
Brogden,1943, 
pairing of single non-sense syllable to physical
reaction to re-ellicit 
the physical reaction on cue to the verbal cue, by
saying-thinking the 
syllable;. Mimicking thereof, in form of verbal
conditioning as 
silentsound brainwashing and altering of perceptions]

  Since lesions of the primary zones of the visual
cortex never involve 
isolated neurons alone, but always extend over a
certain area, the 
disturbances of visual perception in these cases are
elementary and 
somotopical in character,

[* See  also in Luria,1973, McCulloch and his
collaborators(1943) visual 
stimulation  show that stimulation 
of the secondary zones of the visual cortex spreads
over much wider 
areas than stimulation of its primary zones, sometmes
even crossing 
over 
into the opposite hemisphere. The morphilogical and
physiological 
features distinguishing the structure of the secondary
zones of the 
visual cortex also determine the role which it plays
in organizing 
complex visual perception. This was clearly shown in
experiments 
carried 
out in the past by leading neurologists and
neurosurgeons 
(Poltz,Foerster,Penfield) during operations of the
cortical zones. 
Their 
observations show that stimulation of the primary
zones of the 
occipital 
cortex by a weak electric current [words-phrases can
be construed as a 
form of electrical stimulations] evoked the appearance
of elementary 
visual hallucinations in the patient (who percieved
flashes of light, 
tongues of flame and colored spots.) These phenomena,
moreover, 
appeared 
in strictly defined parts of the visual field
(stimulation of the right 
occipital region led to the appearance of these
'photopsias' in the 
left 
part,while stimulation of the left occipital cortex
led to their 
appearance in the right part of the visual field, and
so on). 
[Also see, Continued Minimumal Irradiations, as
relates to gestalt 
subliminals as environmental & behavioral engineering,
shadow people, visual reconstruction through neural
cell assembles-pre-conditioned into occipital through
environmental placement in infrastructure. The gestalt
art 
utilized to imprint to retinas-occipital cortex for
producing the visual 
imagery through electrical stimulation while a
surrogate humunculous 
guides the course of thought for producing
hypothetical (cons) or and, 
linguistic fictions to produce concept
formation(s-dual reality(s)-see
http://www.unknowncountry.com/board/  and the many
artificially created characterizations-experiences
which are for all intents & purposes are real
experiences for them, being spoken to by entities,
visualizing organized visual impressions, claims of
being educated by aliens, shadow monsters, forced sex
in sleep, floating orbs, various characters and
fictions, hallucination conditioning]  

and are manifested either as homonymous hemianopia
(the loss of the 
counterlater half of the visual field), as quaddrantic
hemianopia (loss 
of isolated areas of the visual field corresponding to
the affected 
areas of the primary visual cortex.

   If the primary visual cortex is in a state of
dysfunction in man (as 
occurs after injury to the occipital region accopanied
by oedema) in the 
first stages vision may disappear completely, after
which it may be 
restored. Although perception is unclear and 'blurred'
in character at 
first, later it recovers completely.

   It is a characteristic feature of all these types
of disturbance 
(except in some special cases) that these elementary
defects can be 
suitably compensated by movements of the eyes, and the
person still 
remains able to work. The exceptions are those cases
when lesions of the 
occipital cortex (either of primary or secondary
zones) are superimposed 
on a background of inactivity or unawareness of the
subject's own defect [somnabulism-hypnotism thru
speech communication]
(anosognosia) or when the defect stays unpercieved and
is not 
compensated, so that it assumes the character of fixed
hemianopia or 
unilateral spatial agnosia
(Holmes,1919;Brain,1941;Luria and 
Skorodumova,1950;et al.,1956;Hecaen,1969).

   The second stage of the cerebral organiztion of
visual perception 
requires the close participation of the secondary
zones of the visual 
cortex. These constitute the "chief system responsible
for the formation 
of mobile syntheses of visually percieved elements,
but are themselves 
under the regulating and modulating influence of
other, non-visual zones 
of the cortex."

   As we have seen, the secondary zones of the visual
cortex consist 
largely of neurons of the upper cortical layers,
possessing short axons 
and adapted for the formation of combinations and
connections between 
individual elements and the points of the cortex. They
can thus produce 
the ""mobile syntheses of visual cues into which
visual perception is 
analysed, and make cues amendable to control.""

   A lesion of the secondary cortical zones naturally
disturbs these 
visual syntheses, and the defect of perception arising
in patients with 
lesions of these cortical zones assumes the form of
disturbances of 
simultaenious visual syntheses, or of optic agnosia,
in which each 
element of a visual structure is percieved
sufficiently clearly, but the 
patient cannot synthsize the element into a single
whole, so that he is 
unable to recognize objects or pictures of
objects.[gestalt subliminal art effects] We still know
very 
little about the basic mechanisms of optic gnosis.
However, one of its 
accessory mechanisms deserves mention.

   The visual image formed in the retina is known to
remain there for an 
extremely short time, and if the eye is completely
stationary the image 
lasts not more than 1-1.5 seconds (Yarbus,1965). It is
thus essential 
not merely to bring about visual syntheses, but also
to  'stabalize the 
image' obtained as a result of the optic procedure.
"One way of doing 
this is by the formation of the 'after-image,' which
plays a very 
important role in image stabilization." 
[see
http://photos.yahoo.com/bc/eccliesiastes2002/lst?.dir=/Chandler+AZ++Criminal+Enterprise&.view=t
 for produced after-images photos-illuminations of
gestalt art]
Its physiological mechanisms have been studied in
detail by Orbeli's school(Zimkina,1957;Zimkin and 
Zimkina,1953; Kaplan,1949;Balonov,1950). 

   A fact of the greatest importance is that the
visual after-image, 
which normally lasts for twenty to thirty seconds and
then gradually 
disappears, may "either fail or arise completely or
may last for a very 
much shorter time" in patients with lesions of the
occipital zones, but 
some degree of stabilization ""can be produced by the
administration of 
caffiene(Zislina,1955).""[mass conditioning-gestalt
art-chemicals-isomorphism. Industrial-military
complex. They have the way and the means.Foods and
drinks with caffiene placed in them, drugs of 
methamphetamine, ectasy, LSD; gestalt art in
commercial goods, 
advertizing, television, electrical stimulation to
produce visual neural 
images in perception, speech ...If we can think why is
there the need to speak to ourselves utilizing speech?
May mean we are microchipped through computer
interface. Mass enoculations, forced innoculations
through diress.In order for your children to attend
public schools have to be innoculated. The forced use
of amphetamines on our youth as attention deficit
disorder. Floride in the water to produce neural and
chemical imbalances. The mental health communities
pushing psychotropic medications. Corporations
utilizing gestalt art in commercial goods, products,
etc.,etc...Illegal drugs to create yet another system
for enlarging control over the populaces as capitalize
financially. Brainwashing through television programs
advocating professions as above reproach. Media under
control of finacial corporations and military complex
who owns them. Stock in the corporations.]

   This indicates that the visual cortex is
responsible not only for the 
syntheses of visual impulses, but also for their
'stabilization.'
It thus performs a similar role to the one I mentioned
when discussing 
the role of the temporal cortex in the stabilization
of auditory 
stimuli(part 2,chapter 4).

   It would be a mistake, however, to think that the
secondary zones of 
the visual cortex are concerned only with the effector
or operative part 
of perceptual activity. It is because this not so that
a lesion of 
secondary visual zones interferes with or prevents the
formation of 
visual syntheses, but does not deprive perceptual
activity of its 
'controlled' and 'purposive' character. A person with
a lesion of the 
secondary visual zones can directly percieve only
fragments 
[again-gestalt art] of visual information, but he can
still analyse the 
meaning of these fragments and he can compensate for
his defects by 
reasoning. He actively looks for the solution to the
prolem of the 
nature of the picture he is shown, he puts forward
various hypotheses, 
he compares them with the elements he actually
percieves; he atempts to 
fit the cues he percieves into particular categories
of 'meaning and 
codes them. 
[B F Skinner, verbal stimulies-operant conditioning,
Solomon dogs 
jumping hurdles, Liddell, artificially created
experimental neurosi, 
Pavlov, 3rd signal system for conditioning,
Ebbinghaus, non-sense 
syllables, William James, Hypnotism, Kohler(Leeper),
gestalt theory and 
psychology]  
                      
                           ""ALL IS VANITY""